Power of Situations Essay

In the, The causality of short letters, by lee Ross and Richard E. Nisbett, the authors be trying to show the power of situations nitty-grittying the decisions of the hatful, how wad react in disparate situations. The authors atomic number 18 trying to prove that genial psychology rivals philosophy in direction peck that they do not realize the true nature of the world. The above hire is support by two experiments, the trusty Samaritan experiment by Darley and Batson, and the bystander effect experiment. The authors intent was to prove how situations effect out actions, they were prospering in proving it by acquiring such positive imports in both of the experiments. The authors beg the difference in the point of spatial relation of the undergraduates and graduates of kindly psychology somewhat the gentlemans gentleman mien. Undergraduates who while taking their courses finds m any(prenominal) facts some human behaviour, it makes them feel satisfied with information, whereas graduates who down studied the human behavior for a long time pass a challenged point of view towards the causes of human behavior than undergraduates.According to the authors small detail in an incident does not division, what matters is the situation in which the incident took place. Authors argue about how the social psychology surpasses philosophy while making a decision. Even graduate students with days of experience, are not certain in call ining human behavior under compeer pressure. In the end the authors talk about the fundamental attribution error it says that people who con lookr the soulality traits and common tendencies in predicting the human behavior are turn out wrong. They often fail to move back into friendliness the situational factors that affect the behavior. The bystander effect is used by the authors to prove that predicting ones behavior is impossible if we mesh into considerations the insignificant details. In this experiment the work is John who is put in a situation in which he sees a man by the door request for facilitate, we are supposed to predict the behavior of John.A normal person would take into consideration the specific details of the situation and predict the behavior this will result into a wrong prediction, the details of the background does not helps predicting johns behavior, only the situationand the actions of opposite bystander is considered while predicting ones behavior. The author is successful in proving the bystander effect on a person in any situation. There are numerous other experiments conducted world-wide proving the effect of bystander intervention. wholeness of the most famous experiments was one conducted by Latane and Darley, in which participants were kept in a room and smoke was released in it, the part of participants who reported the smoke decreased as the participants increased in a room.A special thing about this bystander effect is that the more bystanders present when help is needed, the slight assistance any of them will provide. The authors have mentioned another experiment conducted by Darley and Batson named The soundly Samaritan experiment. It is a study of how people react to an emergency in different situations and levels of urgency. The researchers had tercet hypotheses to prove via this experiment1. People who are religious does not act any different those who are not, in a situation.2. People in a festinate are less liable(predicate) to help others.3. People who are religions in a Samaritan fashion will be more likely to help than those who are not. The researches gave a task to certain amount of people, and on their way going the other side of building, they were faced with an emergency situation, and the researchers were to record how many participants helped in that situation. The results of this experiment were very smart regarding one of the hypotheses, that people in a hurry are less likely to help others. The r esults proved that no matter how we think about a situation, our actions are not the same.Other thing that authors point-out is the vestigial attribution error it means that people always try to predict a human behavior by sight their ainity-traits, rather than observing the situational factors. Observing personal traits never help in predicting somebodys actions, it is the situational factors that help us predict human behavior.There are many other experiments by different researches which concurs with the admit of Ross and Nisbett, that how the situations affects the human behavior, and by manipulating the situation, we can tack the outcome of behavior, some of them are, Sherifs Autokinetic picture showed how root dynamics can crop group behavior, Solomon Aschs experiment of socialpressure, Tajfel showed that even the mere classification of people into groups can elicit partisan group behavior. The results and statistics of the authors claim were very accurate, and well su pported by other researchers.WORKS CITEDThe Bystander Effect, Web. 1 Jan. 2010. Darley, J. M., and Batson, C.D., From Jerusalem to Jericho A study of Situational and Dispositional Variables in Helping Behavior. JPSP, 1973, 27, 100-108.Ross, L., and Nisbett, R. E., The Person and the Situation, 1991. Chapters 1 and 2.