First peoples in Canada Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

First people groups in Canada - Research Paper Example The Residential School System The private educational system efficiently subverted the way of life of the Aboriginals and implied that it was not worth embracing or following no matter what. Native kids were commandingly isolated from their families for protracted timeframes. During this partition, the kids were given severe guidelines not to talk in their own language and do whatever is identified with their way of life. Disrupting of these norms would prompt cut off disciplines (Hanson, 2013). It is a typical information that culture is passed down ages by the procedure of guardians kids esteem moves. By isolating kids from their folks for long spans of time, it was inconceivable for the Aboriginal culture to be passed down. The government and places of worship knew about this since this was the main target of this educational system †no big surprise this framework has been alluded as a type of social annihilation. In deed when the Prime clergyman Stephen Harper gave an offici al statement of regret as to private educational system, he said that the framework depended on an off-base suspicion that â€Å"Aboriginal societies and profound convictions were substandard and unequal† (Hanson, 2013, p. 1). It is along these lines clear that the framework was dehumanizing and straightforwardly implied that the Aboriginal culture was not worth after being second rate. The conditions in the educational system were damaging and sensibly the framework didn't fit the bill to utilize the term ‘school’ in its title. Private school staff has been blamed for incredible maltreatment to which understudies were exposed to. The maltreatment affirmed were physical, sexual, enthusiastic and mental (Hanson, 2013). As per Miller, the private educational system offered a net negative encounter for understudies †understudies were said to think back with torment in the wake of going through the framework. Youngsters invested a great deal of energy at the sch ools and never got the passionate help required by kids from their folks. Food was insufficient for them and the garments they were given were ratty and not warm enough particularly for the winter seasons (Miller, 2012). This more likely than not been mentally upsetting to the kids contemplating their youthful ages †16 years and underneath. The way that they were continually told their way of life was substandard and they should never communicate in their local language should similarly have been upsetting (Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 2013). Previous understudies of this framework have been squeezing through case for remuneration for enduring they were exposed to under this framework. As a sign that understudies were manhandled under this framework, the central government has been embraced measure to show its regret. One such advance is â€Å"the $1.9-billion remuneration bundle for the overcomers of maltreatment at Aboriginal private schools† (Miller, 2012, p. 1). Understudies in the framework were manhandled and their pride was not maintained †as per Hanson (2013), huge numbers of them kicked the bucket because of the conditions and disciplines. The encounters that understudies experienced in this framework were dehumanizing. This framework didn't teach understudies as was normal being a school however rather simply burned through their time. This framework up to the 1950s worked on a

Ethcial Issues in the Financial services Industry Term Paper

Ethcial Issues in the Financial administrations Industry - Term Paper Example It is viewed as that general individuals will in general consider the field of budgetary administrations as increasingly unscrupulous when contrasted with different territories of business. This is considered as such generally in view of the way that the business is viewed as very large. 2 Moral issues are considered to have a colossal significance in the business of money related administrations on the grounds that various individuals are viewed as shoppers of such administrations. General individuals will in general consider this field as progressively unscrupulous when contrasted with different territories of business. This is for the most part a direct result of the way that the business is viewed as very enormous. It contains contract loan specialists, benefits reserves, speculation banks, common store associations, protection associations, protections firms, and banks. The business is considered to make part of features which tout for its moral slips by because of its huge size. Middle people that work in the field of monetary administrations must adhere to gauges of the business, rules of law, and act in a moral way. The associations working in the monetary administrations industry direct various gatherings as to advertising of money related administrations, ven ture investigation, innovation preparing, and new item preparing yet there is less significance set as to moral preparing. The considering associations must be changed in such manner with the end goal that moral preparing structures some portion of meetings in monetary assistance associations and ought to have a noteworthy number of attendances. The money related administrations industry is considered to offer basic types of assistance which can be considered as key to present day society and economy. It offers types of assistance, for example, protecting cash of the overall population and giving them household loaning administrations. In such manner, it tends to be said that considering the essential job that money related help associations play, it is intelligent to

Johnny Carson Ancestry and Family Tree

Johnny Carson Ancestry and Family Tree John William Johnny Carson (October 23, 1925 Ââ€"January 23, 2005 was an American on-screen character, entertainer and author most popular for his residency as host of The Tonight Show from 1962 until 1992. Conceived in Corning, Iowa to Homer Lee Kit Carson (no connection to the celebrated western legend) and Ruth Hook Carson, Johnny grew up with his folks, more established sister, Catherine, and more youthful sibling, Richard (Dick), in Nebraska. Johnny Carson wedded his school darling Joan Wolcott on October 1, 1949. They had 3 children. In 1963, Carson separated Joan and wedded Joanne Copeland on August 17, 1963. After another separation, he and previous model Joanna Holland were hitched on September 30, 1972. This time, it was Holland who petitioned for a separation in 1983. Johnny at that point wedded Alexis Maas on June 20, 1987, a marriage that endure cheerfully until Carsons demise in January 2005. Tips for Reading This Family Tree Original: 1. John William (Johnny) CARSON was conceived on 23 Oct 1925 in Corning, Iowa.1 He passed on of emphysema on 23 Jan 2005 in Malibu, California. Second Generation: 2. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON2,3 was conceived on 4 Oct 1899 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.4 He kicked the bucket on 9 Apr 1983 in Paradise Valley, Scottsdale, Arizona.5 Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON and Ruth HOOK were hitched in 1922.6 3. Ruth HOOK7 was conceived in Jul 1901 in Jackson Township, Taylor Co., Iowa.8 She kicked the bucket in 1985. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON and Ruth HOOK had the accompanying youngsters: I. Catherine Jean CARSON was conceived in Dec 1923 in Hand Hospital, Shenandoah, Iowa.81â â ii. John William (Johnny) CARSON.iii. Richard Charles (Dick) CARSON was conceived on 4 Jun 1929 in Clarinda, Page Co., Iowa.9 Third Generation: 4. Christopher N. (Pack) CARSON2,3,10,11 was conceived in Jan 1874 in Monona Co., Iowa. Christopher N. (Unit) CARSON and Ella B. Tough were hitched on 28 Dec 1898 in Harrison Co., Iowa.12 5. Ella B. HARDY2,3,10,13 was conceived on 18 Nov 1876 in Magnolia, Jefferson Co., Iowa. She passed on 20 Aug 1967. Christopher N. (Unit) CARSON and Ella B. Solid had the accompanying kids: 2 I. Homer Lee (Kit) CARSON.ii. Charles E. CARSON3 was brought into the world around 1907 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.iii. Raymond E. CARSON10 was brought into the world around 1913 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa.iv. Doris A. CARSON10 was brought into the world around 1918 in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa. 6. George William HOOK14 was conceived on 27 Dec 1870 or 1871 in Lowry, St. Clair Co., Missouri.15 He kicked the bucket of a coronary episode on 21 Dec 1947 in Bedford, Taylor Co., Iowa. He is covered in Fairview Bedford Cemetery, Taylor Co., Iowa. George William HOOK and Jessie BOYD were hitched on 19 Sep 1900.15-17 7. Jessie BOYD6 was conceived on 6 Jul 1876 in Taylor County, Iowa.16 She kicked the bucket of sorrow on 20 Jun 1911 in Bedford, Taylor Co., Iowa.16 She is covered in Fairview Bedford Cemetery, Taylor Co., Iowa. George William HOOK and Jessie BOYD had the accompanying kids: 3â â i. Ruth HOOKii. John W. HOOK6 was conceived in 1904 in Bedford, Taylor County, Iowa.18 He passed on of peritonitis in May 1911 in Bedford, Taylor County, Iowa.19iii. Mary HOOK6 was conceived in Feb 1906 in Taylor County, Iowa.20,21iv. Florence HOOK6 was conceived in Feb 1910. She passed on in Feb 1910.22,23v. Jessie Boyd HOOK was conceived in Jun 1911.24 Fourth Generation: 8. Marshall CARSON11,25-28 was conceived on 14 Mar 1835 in Maine. He passed on 21 May 1922 in Logan, Harrison County, Iowa. He is covered in Logan Cemetery, Harrison County, Iowa. Marshall CARSON and Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG were hitched on 17 Jul 1870 in Washington County, Nebraska. 9. Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG11,26-28 was conceived on 18 May 1847 in Fayette, Indiana. She passed on 12 Feb 1922 in Harrison County, Iowa. She is covered in Logan Cemetery, Harrison County, Iowa. Marshall CARSON and Emeline (Emma) KELLOGG had the accompanying kids: 4â â i. Christopher N. (Unit) CARSON.ii. Angie CARSON11 was brought into the world around 1875 in Nebraska.iii. Phebe CARSON11 was brought into the world around 1877 in Iowa.iv. Amilda CARSON11 was brought into the world around 1879 in Iowa.v. Ora CARSON26 was conceived in Jun 1881 in Harrison Co., Iowa.vi. Edgar M. CARSON26 was conceived in Feb 1882 in Harrison Co., Iowa.vii. Fred G. CARSON26-28 was conceived in Jul 1885 in Harrison County, Iowa. He kicked the bucket in 1923 in Harrison Co., Iowa.viii. Herbert E. CARSON26,27,29 was conceived in Dec 1890 in Harrison Co., Iowa. 10. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY10,13,30,31 was conceived on 1 May 1848 in Angola, Steuben Co., Indiana. He passed on 21 Jul 1933 in at the home of his girl, Mrs. C. N. Carson in Logan, Harrison Co., Iowa. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY and Viola Millicent VINCENT were hitched on 30 Jun 1872 in Iowa. 11. Viola Millicent VINCENT13,30,32 was conceived on 2 Apr 1855. She kicked the bucket on 3 May 1935 in Harrison Co., Iowa. Samuel Tomlinson HARDY and Viola Millicent VINCENT had the accompanying youngsters: I. Loyd HARDY13 was brought into the world around 1866 in Iowa.ii. Louis HARDY13 was brought into the world around 1870 in Iowa.5 iii. Ella B. HARDY.iv. Delaven H. HARDY13,30 was conceived in Aug 1879 in Iowa.30v. Bruce L. HARDY30 was conceived in Sep 1881 in Iowa.30vi. Gladys HARDY30 was conceived in Oct 1896 in Iowa.30

Colonization and domestic violence: Strategies

Colonization and abusive behavior at home: Strategies The relationship among's colonization and aggressive behavior at home is verifiable given the plenty of academic and authentic information. The principle misguided judgment that exists here identifies with the conviction that the vicious parts of colonization and its related maltreatment lay legitimately at the feet of Westerners or other outside societies and impacts. Aggressive behavior at home, in its numerous structures, is constrained upon men, ladies and kids from numerous sources remembering individuals for their own general public. Notwithstanding the definitions and relationships of colonization and aggressive behavior at home, this paper additionally talks about the colonization, social structure and maltreatment of Aboriginal Peoples including the Maori clan of New Zealand, Native Americans, and the First Nation people group of Canada just as the maladies push onto the homesteaders by the colonizers. Likewise inspected are the connections between present day misuse identified with colonized societies and its conceivable counteraction. Abusive behavior at home The United States Justice Department’s Office on Violence Against Women gives a meaning of the different kinds of aggressive behavior at home: We characterize abusive behavior at home as an example of harsh conduct in any relationship that is utilized by one accomplice to pick up or keep up force and authority over another cozy accomplice. Abusive behavior at home can be physical, sexual, enthusiastic, financial, or mental activities or dangers of activities that impact someone else. This incorporates any practices that scare, control, mortify, segregate, alarm, threaten, pressure, compromise, fault, hurt, harm, or wound somebody. (2014) The kinds of local maltreatment incorporate physical, sexual, enthusiastic, financial and mental maltreatment. Abusive behavior at home isn't constrained to a specific race, religion, sex, age, instructive or financial elements. With the end goal of this paper, aggressive behavior at home is sorted as brutal conduct that has been dispensed on one culture by another since colonization occurred. In many cases the casualties are the pioneers who are exposed to maltreatment in its different structures by the colonizers yet in the end that misuse moves into maltreatment between individuals from the persecuted culture. The explanations behind the maltreatment may vanish yet the conduct can last and even quicken through people in the future. Colonization The term colonization originates from the Latin for â€Å"to inhabit†. Colonization regularly alludes to an outside gathering moving into a formerly occupied territory. Since the time man figured out how to travel, he has wanted to overcome new terrains either by building up a gainful relationship with the indigenous people groups or, all the more ordinarily, by assuming control over the land and different assets through a danger of power or through direct viciousness. Colonization can be valuable on the off chance that it is finished with deference and participation of the occupants. A few locales, particularly immature areas, may profit essentially from colonization by an outside culture. These areas may involvement with an expansion in world information, clinical consideration, financial development and that's just the beginning. There are occasions in any case, that show the clouded side of colonization and the aggressive behavior at home with which it has regularly been r elated. History is loaded up with stories of strong colonization regardless of the language used to depict it †investigation, prominent area, settlements. As a general rule when a region is colonized without the express consent of the pioneers, savagery follows. The brutality may come as an immediate assault or through social persecution. The pilgrims might be detained, assaulted or beaten into accommodation. This type of misuse keeps going any longer than the life expectancy of the abuser and manhandled. It is brought into people in the future through culture, conviction frameworks and injury, regularly making specific societies be increasingly inclined to the brutality submitted against their predecessors or, more awful, become the abusers. Relationship among's Colonization and Domestic Violence Individuals goal on colonizing new terrains or penetrating existing societies normally held the severe conviction that their religion, governmental issues, training and culture were far better than that of the indigenous individuals in this manner it was regular practice for the new pioneers to give, frequently coercively, their way of life and conviction frameworks on the indigenous people groups. Because of this exertion, the indigenous people groups were required to assume the qualities and culture of the intruders, normally because of the risk of brutality. Since indigenous individuals were frequently less instructed than the attacking populace, they were seen †and treated †as a sub-par society. It is not necessarily the case that the indigenous societies were immaculate before they were penetrated by the colonizers. Each culture has its own remarkable allowance of faith based expectations and conditions. The distinction might be that there is restricted, assuming any, information or documentation on the way of life of these people groups before they were colonized. Colonization and Patriarchy Male centric society, the social act of worshiping the male sexual orientation as the head of society, including the family structure, can be legitimately connected to colonization and the abuse of the female sex. Verifiably, societies with a male centric view held little respect for the female sexual orientation which regularly allowed inadequate treatment of females. This treatment regularly prompted different types of abusive behavior at home. A male centric conviction framework is normal even in the cutting edge world albeit incredible steps have been made to shield ladies and kids from vicious guys regularly educated to be predominant by colonizing societies. While most of the attacking individuals held a male centric view, that isn't no matter what. Numerous indigenous societies are matriarchal in nature, especially the Native American and First Nation people group of Canada. The move in initiative from matriarchal to male centric frequently made ladies be seen as mediocre as men were instructed not to regard ladies as they once had. Thus, ladies in numerous societies were seen as meager more than property permitting the male populace to treat the ladies in any capacity they saw fit, including a pattern of aggressive behavior at home that would stay set up for ages. As per Kanuha (2002), there are a few procedures for asserting prevalence over another sexual orientation or culture. The first is to persuade the pilgrims that their ways are prevalent. The subsequent technique is to make a depiction between the colonizers and the indigenous people groups through isolation including the partition of people. The third methodology of colonization is to utilize aggressive behavior at home to control the settlers. This may incorporate any types of physical, enthusiastic, profound and mental maltreatment. The fourth technique is to assume responsibility for the colonists’ financial assets including regular assets. The fifth technique is controlling the way of life and restricting outside assets of information and data. In certain societies they are allowed to see just media pictures of ladies that were made by men; pictures that regularly externalized ladies. Another type of control is to disallow the utilization of local language and instruction just as to deny the homesteaders the chance to choose or decide on their own fates. While man centric society is obviously attached to colonization, it must be referenced that men additionally experienced these equivalent issues. While men may have been viewed as predominant, the homesteaders were underdog to the colonizers and consequently regularly experienced indistinguishable maltreatment from ladies. Colonization and Disease One type of abusive behavior at home is to deny one suitable social insurance. During the colonization of numerous districts of the world, indigenous people groups were presented to and tainted to new illnesses brought by the settlers yet were denied satisfactory consideration. Indeed, huge numbers of the colonizers were frequently isolated from the as of late presented locals to shield them from ailments they brought to the district. The conviction was that the locals, unfit to withstand any number of extraordinary pathogens, were naturally mediocre. It was the improvement of world exchange courses just as the craving to vanquish new grounds that urged Europeans to cross outskirts into beforehand unexplored regions. Thus, they contaminated whole societies with infection, specifically tuberculosis and little pox, two ailments liable for murdering most of Americans and Europeans in the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years. Also, the colonizers would in general carry with them recently trained creatures which included another degree of potential ailment to the locals. As the death pace of the settlers rose, the colonizers had the option to build their quality and mastery over the rest of the individuals and their territories. Colonization of the Maori, Native Americans and the First Communities of Canada The Aboriginal clans of the South Pacific, especially the Maori, have a long and brutal history of being colonized by Western Europeans. The Maori were at one time the colonizers of New Zealand, assuming control over the island through power and causing the slaughter of the island’s indigenous people groups. The Maori started to exchange with Europe during the 1700s, dealing fish and land for dabs, fabric and different things. At the point when potential intruders endeavored to attack New Zealand, the Maori grasped savagery and decapitated the infiltrators. They frequently took part in human flesh consumption customs which prompted a notoriety of the Maori as being ruthless savages. The move toward colonization started when evangelists showed up in New Zealand with the desire for changing over the Maori to Christianity. The evangelists exchanged merchandise for land and manufactured New Zealand’s first church. The Maori started to exchange rifles which made a weapons contest between New Zealand and its neighbors. Brutality raised. Despite the fact that the Maori and the preachers would in general stay isolated, numerous Maori started to change over to Christianity. Connections among Britain and the Maori reinforced. England wan

Reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Response paper - Essay Example Appropriately imparting and successfully managing others may be the sole inclination that chooses our status in the public arena. Correspondence is the sharing of data or feeling. Correspondence can be verbal or non verbal. Effective and fulfilling up close and personal correspondence include three components: words, manner of speaking and non-verbal communication. Correspondence process establishes 93% of the quiet or nonverbal correspondence for example tonality represents 38% and non-verbal communication represents 55%. Which implies just 7% of the entire correspondence process relies on words (Steve, 2009). It is normally observed that correspondence is typically portrayed as far as verbally expressed words. In any case, not very many of us know the way that words are just the transporter and transport of the message. Genuine significance behind the message can't be obviously seen distinctly with the words. The beneficiary needs to theory and make decisions of the words. This reality can without much of a stretch be comprehended by the case of imparting through messages and letters, in which nonverbal piece of correspondence is unquestionably a missing component and leave the translation open to the peruser which once in a while prompts misconception and contentions. Enduring connections must be made when sentiments and feelings behind the words convey between the individuals. Trust can be earned by passing on nonverbal confirmations that are reliable with the words. Manner of speaking influences enormously on the implications of words. As above expressed, 38% of correspondence transmits by the tonality. For Example, quick and infectious tune of the melody carries vitality and energy to the individual, regardless of whatever the verses of the tune are. Another supporting model in such manner is reaction of an infant to various voices. They probably won't comprehend the words however they grin and cry as indicated by the force of the voices they hear. Numerous individuals don't have the foggiest idea how to deal with their tone in various circumstances which is basic to make positive relationship with somebody they

Universities with...Is It Food

Universities withIs It Food? by: Naomi Nishihara on October 02, 2014 | 0 Comments Comments 665 Views October 2, 2014Bad food can ruin an evening, and even though college students infamously eat anything and everything, bad food every meal, every day is still hard to stomach. Campus dining halls, where hard-working young people are supposed to nourish themselves, sometimes serve little more than pizza and caesar salad that the staff buys in bulk. With the standard held in generally low esteem, it’s really something to be the worst of them all.Each year the Princeton Review publishes its â€Å"Is It Food?† list, ranking the top 20 universities with the worst food. The list is compiled with a student survey question: How do you rate the food on campus? Over the past six years, 41 schools have made the list, and only four were listed every year, making it seem like those must have a outstandingly bad food.Just as many of the schools that appeared on the â€Å"Best Cam pus Food† list also appeared on the â€Å"Happiest Students† list, many of the schools here, including the US Merchant Marine Academy, US Military Academy, US Air Force Academy, and US Naval Academy, also appear on the â€Å"Least Happy Students† list.Here are the schools with the worst campus food:The Is it food? Rankings From 2015 to 20102015 Rank School2015 Rank2014 Rank2013 Rank2012 Rank2011 Rank2010 RankUnited States Merchant Marine Academy117311St. Johns College (NM)246NRNRNRNew College of Florida3222103Juniata College47NRNRNRNRDrew University53915NRNRBard College at Simons Rock69NRNRNRNRFordham University75171913Berea College8NRNRNRNRNRCatawba College98882019Catholic University of America10131716NRNRSouthwestern University11NRNRNRNRNRHollins University1217NR201814Ohio Northern University13125NRNRNREmerson College1414NRNRNRNRDenison University151619NRNRNRRandolph-Macon College16NRNRNRNRNRThe Evergreen State College17NRNRNRNRNRXavier University of Louisiana 18NRNR18NRNRCoe College19NR20NRNRNRAustin College20NRNRNRNRNRWells CollegeNR63472Alfred CollegeNR10119NRNRHampden-Sydney CollegeNR11412NRNRUnited States Military AcademyNR15NRNRNRNRState University of New York at AlbanyNR1813556Flagler CollegeNR1914101617Haverford CollegeNR20NRNRNRNRHampton CollegeNRNR10128Amherst CollegeNRNR1211NRNRMissouri University of Science and TechnologyNRNR15131320Hiram CollegeNRNR1614NR12Wesleyan CollegeNRNR186115Fisk UniversityNRNRNR1744Bard College (NY)NRNRNR191215Centenary College of LouisianaNRNRNRNR311Eugene Lang CollegeNRNRNRNR67United States Air Force AcademyNRNRNRNR89Carnegie Mellon UniversityNRNRNRNR910Howard UniversityNRNRNRNR14NRUnited States Navel AcademyNRNRNRNR1516Whittier CollegeNRNRNRNR1718Source: The Princeton Review Page 1 of 11

Walt Whitman - 275 Words

Walt Whitman (Essay Sample) Content: Walt Whitman Name Institution Walter Whitman is a renown poet throughout the world. He was born in 1989 on May 31 in Huntington Town, Long Island. He hailed from a family of nine children. He was named after his father. He was later nicknamed à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Walt' to distinguish him from his father. Whitman launched his poetry career in the mid 1850s and never looked back. In 1855, he published the first edition of his book Leaves of Grass to the surprise of many including his brother. In Leaves of Grass, he talks about democracy, nature, friendships, and love. His works, however, elicited both good and bad comments. The critics argued that he was too open when talking about sex. They further argued that his writings were unorthodox and used subjective stylistic features. Whitman truly is a poet of democracy. Two of his poems express his deep love for America, its democratic form of government and the freedom granted to the American citizens. These two poems are, "One's-self I sing" and "I hear America Singing." His poem "One's-self I singà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , recognizes how essential a citizen of the United States is. He postulates that a democratic state offers the freedom that makes life livable. In his second work "I hear America Singing," he clearly s...

Descriptive Essay Eastside Tavern - 977 Words

I’ve never been to Eastside Tavern, a bar next to Seoul Taco just on the corner of Hitt and Broadway. But on a regular Tuesday night, when the air was cooled by a drizzle that happened before I stepped out of my apartment, I was there, at Eastside Tavern. The room reeked of sweaty armpits of bearded men. Not that it actually was, it just smelled that way. My vision was clouded by bodies at the entrance but then Alicia found me and pulled me to where she and her boyfriend- Dakota were sitting. Once I got pass the initial bad odor and mass of bodies, I got to seize up the place and it was actually pretty cool. There was a huge model airplane hanging from the ceiling, above me was a net with what looked like balled up aluminum foil in them, the walls were plastered with posters and metal plates of all kinds, there was a single pool table at the end of the room, the crowd was older, chiller, and more composed. I was liking that place. What prompted me to go to the bar on an un-happening, wet, Tuesday night was Eastside Tavern’s Comedy Tuesday. Alicia invited me to go watch her friend- Zac do a stand up comedy at the bar. What else does a free lad like me have to do on a Tuesday night right? So I joined her. We only stayed until Zac’s turn which allowed me to watch four shows. All of which I had very different thoughts of. The first guy was Johny H. I assumed he was a regular because when the host welcomed him on stage, it felt like he had done that many times before. Also,

Life of Pi by Yann Martel - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 347 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Life of Pi Essay Did you like this example? In Life Of Pi author Yann Martel describes characters who use hope and resourcefulness in a stranded ocean trying to survive. The story centers with characters Pi, and a tiger Richard Parker, who all have hope, even though theyre stranded in a ocean after their ship sunk. When Pi saw that his ship was snapped and beginning to sink all he could do was hang on a oar. In front of him was an adult tiger and sharks beneath him, and a storm raging about him. Pi noticed that Richard Parker was out of sight so he stills hangs on a oar with sharks prowled but they didnt lounge at him the waves splashed on him but did not pull him off. He looks for his family, a lifeboat, and other survivors anything that could give him hope but he found nothing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Life of Pi by Yann Martel" essay for you Create order Only rain, marauding waves of black ocean and the flotsam of tragedy. Pi was starting to feel pain in neck, back, and head but he needed to see if there were any other lifeboats. Pi uses everything he can to survive the storm. He founds out that Richard Parker is dead so he said God preserve me! Pi said the only thing that could calm him down was Richard Parker he looks around the horizon for a perfect circus ring for Richard Parker to hide in but he found nothing. Pi finds water and other supplies that he needed to survive and he drunk and drunk until his panic ws gone, hiLife in an extreme environment requires a sense of hope and the intelligence to use all available resources. In the story Life Of Pi,s fear was dominated. Survival was at hand. It came to be: Plan Number Seven: Keep Him Alive. The author effectively conveys the challenge of this extreme environment through details of the characters reactions. Pi and Richard Parkers hope and resourcefulness will help them survive. Hope and resourcefulness are powerful tools to survive any challenge that life brings you even if its hard to accomplish work hard to survive it.

We Must Understand About Addiction - 987 Words

There are many different perspectives and opinions about how a person becomes an addict to any kind of substance. For the past two weeks I have been doing a lot of research on my topic trying to understand more about where addiction comes from. I spent most of my time surfing the internet reading and analyzing almost every argument, all solutions, views, and opinions on the web and I came to a conclusion that no matter how much you read and take in, at the end of the day everyone is going to believe what they want. For my paper 4, I decided to analyze everyone’s perspectives and angles about their understanding of addiction and interacted it in new ways. By doing this, I created a work of art so my audience can understand my creative perspective about addiction and hopefully enrich their understanding about my topic. My purpose of this project is to spread more awareness about this deadly disease. I want my audience, which is the public, to stop talking so negatively about this disease and for them to realize that addiction is a real thing and it does happen. To accomplish this proposal, I tried making my argument unique. I have realized by doing all this research, that almost every argument about addiction is the same, which makes people think that addiction is either a choice or a brain disease. But what if none of those ideas are the case? What if we make this argument more creative and think outside the box? That is exactly what Johann Hari s did in his New York TimesShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism : A Silent Killer1624 Words   |  7 Pagesdependence on or addiction to the substance, impairment of the ability to work and socialize, destructive behaviors (as drunken driving), tissue damage (as cirrhosis of the liver), and severe withdrawal symptoms upon detoxification† (Webster). 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True recovery from addiction requires a commitment to cleansing your life of the negative impact of addiction and startingRead MoreAlcohol Addiction Is A Never Ending Problem Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesIn the state of Wisconsin where I currently reside, alcohol addiction is a never-ending problem. Alcohol is often associated with football games, baseball and even social gatherings. Unfortunately, alcohol can also be a coping mechanism for those who are dealing with a loss of a family member, financial crisis or even homelessness. The cost of alcohol addiction and treatment in the State of Wisconsin is approximately $6.8 billion and rising due to the continued abuse of alcohol (Wisconsin DepartmentRead MoreBook Review of Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity1265 Words   |  5 Pagesworldviews. Ultimately, it is the concept of seeing psychology and religion as allies that Entwistle finds the most fruitful perspective. Both psychology and theology acknowledge that they are human ways of apprehending larger truths, a larger truth about the integrity of human beings and Gods role in human life. As part of the worldview of psychology and Christianity, there is a stress both upon the imperfection and fallibility of human beings and their need for the support of others while simultaneously

The Story Of Phil s Life - 1538 Words

Dan wasn t 100% sure of the exact moment he d fallen in love with his best friend, but he was certainly aware of the moment realisation struck that this was the case. It was like a thousand ton of bricks (somehow) cascaded from the sky, hit him all at once and finally placed his thoughts together. Thoughts that had been so jumbled up and discarded, so shunned and rejected, so confused and hopeless – that he d forgotten he even owned them up until this point. Thinking about it, it was inevitable that Dan would fall for Phil – he d idolised him in his younger years, he turned to him in times of pain or stress – Phil was his escape from the crappy reality of his life. Then, suddenly, Phil wanted to be in his life as much as he wanted to be in Phil s, he made Dan feel wanted and of value, which was foreign to him. He was sweet and comforting and hilarious and so unconditionally kind to everyone he came across, how couldn t Dan be head over heels for him? The epiphany took place one morning that Dan had decided to sleep in. He d had a busy night the previous evening – filming the last few segments of a new video and doing a large chunk of the editing for it – the lie in was well deserved. The large amount of sleep Dan had had resulted in him feeling re-energised and full of optimism, due to this, he made his way to the lounge rather too enthusiastically for someone who had just gotten out of bed. It was at this moment that he was faced with an ebony haired man sat crossShow MoreRelatedPretty Woman Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesGarry Marshall, Pretty Woman is a romantic comedy and a modernized Cinderella. The story involves the evolution of the relationship between the two protagonists, Vivian (Julia Roberts) and Edward Lewis (Richard Gere). In the film how a business arrangement between a business magnate and a prostitute quickly becomes a genuine loving relationship. 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Building Construction In A Bushes Fire Zone - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Building Construction In A Bushes Fire Zone. Answer: Introduction The rise in the global population has facilitated the growth of the construction based on the varied requirements of the living conditions of the people. In order to support the peoples living needs and standards, steps are being undertaken for ensuring the sustainable and safe growth. There are certain basic considerations that are undertaken while constructing a building. Among the the most basic one is to secure the building from bushfire if the construction is being undertaken in the bushfire prone zone. However, constructions are not always designed with the view of surviving a bushfire as there are other considerations too that affects the livelihood of the people. Landscape of the property and the maintenance is again important considerations that are undertaken while planning for the designing part of the construction. However, ignoring the risks of bushfire might be severe, but there are other aspects that determine the designing of the construction. The purpose of this discussion is to understand the dependence of the design on the factors of landscape and maintenance determination other than the risks that are involved while designing a construction in a bush fire prone zone. The priorities that are being undertaken in the designing of the construction has helped in the process of the determining the factors that supports the systems. The report enumerates the reason for determining the factors related to landscape and maintenance and the other factors over the determination of the bush fire during planning the design of a construction. Landscape as a determinant The survival in the bush fire prone zone can be enhanced through the consideration of the designing based on the landscape approach for construction. It helps in determining the different aspects of the construction that helps in securing the life of the inhabitants. Landscape approach helps in determining the suitable environment and place through which the bush fire can be reduced. It depends on the movement of the wind and thereby maintenance of a distance helps in the reducing the risk of the construction catching fire (Keiter 2012). The building approach, on the other hand, is based on the materials that are used in constructing. It helps in determining the point of ignition of the elements and thereby understands the proper utilization factors of the elements. The landscape of the construction is backed by the determination of the building approach. It helps in determining the concept of keeping the building intact in order to avoid circumstances where the surrounding vegetation might be ignited easily. It helps in the sustenance of the lives. On the other hand, the landscape of the construction also facilitates other factors relating to the society, the economy and the status of the people undertaking the construction. Mostly, during the construction process or before undertaking the process of construction, designing is the factor focused on (Weir 2013). However, the landscape of the area is a significant consideration that must be undertaken while keeping a construction steady in a bush fire prone zone. It helps in the understanding of the landscape of the area and the vegetation that might facilitate the bushfire. It helps in the proper designing of the construction to avoid the consequences of the flow of fire. Vegetation management c an be facilitated when the construction has undertaken steps to determine the landscape and the scenario of the region (Islas and Vergara 2012). On the other hand, if the basic designing is done from beforehand, the vegetation management would not be possible and thereby proper designing would not be possible as well. On going maintenance of properties as a determinant The maintenance of the facilities that are being initiated by the determination of the landscape and the building approaches helps in retaining the efficiency of the practices that are being thought upon by the constructors (Eriksen and Head 2014). It helps in determining the safety and the security of the inhabitants in the bush fire prone zone areas. The usage of the building for the day-to-day purpose might result to inefficiency in the functions. Therefore, proper maintenance steps must be undertaken in order to ensure the efficient functioning of the building in order to maintain the safety and the security of the inhabitants (Calkin et al. 2014). The on-going maintenance of the established facilities helps in keeping up with the challenges that determine the safety quo. It helps in proper arrangement and thereby helps in keeping the construction prepared for the adversities. Importance of considering Landscape and maintenance other than bush fire determination Determining the landscape is an important concept other than meagerly determining the hazards of living in a bush fire prone region. It is not just the safety and the security, but also emphasizes on the design that is being undertaken by the constructors. It helps in the proper planning of the construction in order to avoid circumstances of crisis (H. and Dovers 2012). However, determining the hazards is not the only aim of the landscape approach. It also helps in determining the various needs of the consumers based on the location of the house and the socio-economic factors. Landscape is a wider concept, which is actually characterized by the needs of the consumers based on the location, the economy, the social status and the other factors. The plot size and the evacuation space that is being left behind after the planning for the construction helps in undertaking the proper designing of the construction (Blanchi et al. 2014). It actually helps in the survival strategies in the hou r of the crisis. The robustness of the construction is kept intact with the undertaking of proper maintenance. It helps in the undertaking of the steps that helps in enhancing the sustainable approach. However, the maintenance and the landscape do not only determine the factors of the bush fire prevention and sustainability (Penman et al. 2016). It also helps in understanding the needs of the people based on their requirements. The vicinity of the region must be well connected and thereby bring in different interconnected channels. It will help in undertaking the safe evacuation program in the hour of the crisis. The proper planning helps in determining the management of the vegetation of the area. It also helps in determining the different aspects of the management of the bush fire and thereby maintains the primary factors of sustainability and determines the aspects of survival (Price 2012). The maintenance of the different processes undertaken as a precautionary activity will help in retaining the efficiency of the facilities. It will help in avoiding the circumstances of the bush fire. On the other hand, the landscape approach and the building approach not only are characterize d by preventing the actions of the bush fire, but also it helps in undertaking steps in order to determine the sustainability of the buildings. It helps in maintaining the safety and the security based on the designs. The definite designs and the other aspects that are being determined by the planning have helped in the undertaking of the sustainable measures in the construction. The other factors depend on the preferences of the people who will be the inhabitants (Reid and Beilin 2015). The preference based on the location and the neighborhood, the assorted networks and the facilities involved with the region helps in determining the different concerns of the people. The concerns of the people depend on their respective perspectives (Gill et al. 2015). Designing is also based on the levels of convenience of the people and therefore is a matter of concern for the constructor. Human comfort and satisfaction is again another important consideration that must be undertaken while designing for the construction. The basic factors are based on the modifications in the design or the existing buildings and the new buildings, which facilitate the determination of the elements that are highly inflammable. The distance of the establishment from the vegetation that might catch fire is an important step, which can be undertaken for the peace of mind (Williams 2013). Howev er, the different aspects of the human satisfaction are not constrained by the factor of the risk of bush fire. It also includes the tastes and the preferences. Suppose for example, a person desires a garden by the construction and the garden too might catch fire. Therefore, the person is required to take steps in order to design the house in a manner, which will help in avoiding the circumstances of the outbreak (ONeill and Handmer 2012). Landscape and sightseeing makes a place more subtle and thereby makes it demanding. The various aspects of the facilities that are being provided by the region mostly attract the attention of the people. Therefore, a clear concept of landscape is required to understand the steps that can be enumerated in order to solve the issues of the bush fire (Penman et al. 2013). On the other hand, maintenance is a factor that must be undertaken in order to undertake the ongoing efficiency of the functions of a construction. It helps in determining the sustainability of the construction and the inhabitants in the region. Getting the right construction does not always helps in avoiding the bush fires. On-going maintenance and the proper selection of landscape helps in determining the risks that are associated with the planning and thereby helps in the definite designing of the construction (Enright and Fontaine 2014). Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it can be stated that the dependence on the factors of landscape and the ongoing maintenance helps in determining the sustainability and the mental peace and satiety of the people. It also helps in determining the proper planning procedures for the design of the construction. The design determines the sustainability of the construction and thereby helps in the avoiding the consequences. On the other hand, proper maintenance of the construction helps in improving the sustainability and enhances the functioning against the bush fires. The basic concept of inclusion of the landscape and the building approaches helps in constructing a fireproof facility for the peace of mind. However, the landscape also helps in determining the sustainable functions that are undertaken in order to determine the fulfillment of the tastes and preferences of the people resulting to their satisfaction. Satisfaction is the basic that helps in determining the price of the c onstruction. Landscape measures and proper maintenance is undertaken in order to ensure the maintenance of the price and therefore helps in undertaking the basic changes in the structure and the design of the construction. References Blanchi, R., Leonard, J., Haynes, K., Opie, K., James, M. and de Oliveira, F.D., 2014. Environmental circumstances surrounding bushfire fatalities in Australia 19012011.Environmental Science Policy,37, pp.192-203. Cary, G.J., Collett, E., Gill, A., Clayton, H. and Dovers, S., 2012. Future scenarios for Australian bushfires: report on a Bushfire CRC workshop.Australian Journal of Emergency Management, The,27(3), p.34. Calkin, D.E., Cohen, J.D., Finney, M.A. and Thompson, M.P., 2014. How risk management can prevent future wildfire disasters in the wildland-urban interface.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(2), pp.746-751. Enright, N.J. and Fontaine, J.B., 2014. Climate Change and the Management of Fire?Prone Vegetation in Southwest and Southeast Australia.Geographical Research,52(1), pp.34-44. Eriksen, C. and Head, L., 2014. Geographical fire research in Australia: review and prospects.Geographical Research,52(1), pp.1-5. Eriksen, C., 2013.Gender and wildfire: Landscapes of uncertainty(Vol. 13). Routledge. Gill, A.M., Stephens, S.L. and Cary, G.J., 2013. The worldwide wildfire problem.Ecological Applications,23(2), pp.438-454. Gill, N., Dun, O., Brennan-Horley, C. and Eriksen, C., 2015. Landscape preferences, amenity, and bushfire risk in New South Wales, Australia.Environmental management,56(3), pp.738-753. Islas, P.V. and Vergara, D.G., 2012. Perceived visual landscape changes in a fire prone environment: A multi-method approach.Journal of Environmental Psychology,32(2), pp.144-157. Keiter, R.B., 2012. Wildfire Policy, Climate Change, and the Law.Browser Download This Paper. ONeill, S.J. and Handmer, J., 2012. Responding to bushfire risk: the need for transformative adaptation.Environmental Research Letters,7(1), p.014018. Penman, T.D., Eriksen, C., Blanchi, R., Chladil, M., Gill, A.M., Haynes, K., Leonard, J., McLennan, J. and Bradstock, R.A., 2013. Defining adequate means of residents to prepare property for protection from wildfire.International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,6, pp.67-77. Penman, T.D., Eriksen, C.E., Horsey, B. and Bradstock, R.A., 2016. How much does it cost residents to prepare their property for wildfire?.International journal of disaster risk reduction,16, pp.88-98. Price, O.F., 2012. The drivers of effectiveness of prescribed fire treatment.Forest Science,58(6), pp.606-617. Reid, K. and Beilin, R., 2015. Making the landscape home: Narratives of bushfire and place in Australia.Geoforum,58, pp.95-103. Weir, J.K., 2013, September. Fire authorities and planners: reducing risk across diverse landscapes. InLJ Wright (Ed) 2013,Proceedings of Bushfire CRC and AFAC 2013 Conference Research Forum2 September 2013, Melbourne Australia, Bushfire CRC. Williams, J., 2013. Exploring the onset of high-impact mega-fires through a forest land management prism.Forest Ecology and Management,294, pp.4-10.

Georgia Tech free essay sample

Topic: If you could focus your professional career on one crucial issue, what would it be and how would you use your Georgia Tech education to further that goal? Career Plan: Post Georgia Tech If admitted to Tech, I plan to get a degree in management with certificates in marketing and operations. Ideally, I would use my studies to combat the continuing struggle of college graduates with their presentations of themselves after graduation. Throughout my high school years, I have gathered work experience in both public relations and fashion. In addition to these skills, I have also mastered, to some extent, the art of conversing and communicating with intellectuals. When combined, I believe that I posses a powerful tool. Many students graduate from top universities, such as Tech, with degrees in astronomically difficult subjects. These students are able to handle a heavy workload and to understand just about anything. However, many of these students lack the necessary people skills that are required in todays work force. We will write a custom essay sample on Georgia Tech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These students walk into interviews without sophisticated dress, looking as if they just rolled out of their dorm and happened to fall into some wrinkled black pants with mismatched socks. In addition to a below par physical presentation, many of these students lack the ability to be personable, approachable, and confident in an interview. While they may be over qualified for the position, they come across as less than mediocre in their interviews. My solution is to take my acquired marketing knowledge and ability to relate to these students and prepare them for their interviews. A course of sorts for graduating seniors will include grooming tips, interview dos and don’ts, and proper interview attire. I believe that one will go a lot farther in life if they are adequately prepared in all areas considered. With my degree from Tech I will be able to relate to these students on their level of intellect, but also help them to understand what will make them stand out amongst the o ther applicants. My degree would assist me in helping smooth a graduate’s transition from applying their technical skills to papers and research to applying it in the actual work force in which they will be forced daily to interact confidently with people in their chosen field. In such a position, I would take my marketing degree and use it to teach graduates how to market themselves as opposed to marketing a product. This would be addressing a crucial issue in the overall business world because it would aid the up and coming generation in furthering their careers.

Facing poverty with a Rich girls habits Essay Example

Facing poverty with a Rich girls habits Paper Suck Kim, the writer of Facing Poverty with a Rich Girls Habits, attempts to narrate the struggles of switching from a lavish upbringing to a poverty stricken lifestyle. She tells the story of how her family was forced to move to the slums of Queens from South Korea after her fathers businesses plummeted financially. She was forced to learn many skills that would help her survive In this foreign place she had just entered. Things like learning to relate to other people her age, going to the Laundromat, and riding public transportation were all things she had to get used to. Also, she describes how school life was so different from back home. Kids were Infinitely divided by social class and sometimes even ethnicity. She states how teachers werent as respected In America as they were In South Korea. She felt Like the only place where she could truly express herself were her E. S. L classes. Small remarks of racism from her classmates such as FOB (fresh off the boat) TLD seem to nerve her probably because she didnt know what these words meant at the time. We will write a custom essay sample on Facing poverty with a Rich girls habits specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Facing poverty with a Rich girls habits specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Facing poverty with a Rich girls habits specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another problem was learning to do tasks on her own. Things Like doing homework without help from someone and cleaning without maids were not things she was accustomed to. She battled an inner conflict with race. When she came to America not only did she become Asian, but also a minority. Since everyone in South Korea was the same skin tone or race it wasnt very easy to discriminate. However in the Unites States, its usual for one person or even a few people to be singled out.

How to Write a Powerful Essay on Leadership Skills

How to Write a Powerful Essay on Leadership SkillsIf you are planning to write a powerful essay on leadership skills, you should consider writing a sample essay on leadership skills. This will serve as a guide for you when you are writing your own essay and help you identify the major areas of your writing that need attention. When you are finished with your sample essay, you will have a solid basis for your essay.As with any other project that you undertake, you should choose the sample essay that you are going to use carefully. It is important that you do not rush to choose the one that is right for you. Your best bet is to gather some samples from a variety of sources. You should have some organization is always important.After you have done so, you will want to make sure that you are fully prepared before you begin writing the essay. You should have all of the data that you will need to support your argument. Make sure that you take your time and do not rush to write your essay.T he key to writing a good essay on leadership skills is to have a strong point or argument that you are using to support your topic. Your essay should stand out. This means that it should have a sound argument and be written in a clear, concise manner.One important aspect of your essay is the topic. By choosing a topic that you feel is important to your topic of expertise, you will be in a better position to address the subject and formulate an effective essay. By choosing a topic that is not important to you, you will run the risk of writing an essay that is not useful.Once you have the topic in mind, you will want to get yourself a binder or copy of a few papers. The paper will serve as a guide as you write your essay. It will give you ideas for what areas you should cover, where and how to use them.You can also take advantage of online resources that can be used as a guide as you write your essay. Many websites offer sample essays on leadership skills. You can use these essays as a basis for your own essay.Finally, make sure that you spend the time necessary to proofread your essay before you submit it. Proofreading helps to make sure that your essay is grammatically correct. It also ensures that the essay is of high quality. By reading and re-reading your essay, you will become more familiar with your topic and will be able to write an essay that is tailored to your audience.

The Imperialist essays

The Imperialist essays In Sara Jeanette Duncans novel The Imperialist, she introduces to the reader a character by the name of Alfred Hesketh. The introduction of this character comes during the Elgin delegation visit to England. He becomes fast friends with Lorne Murchison. It is Duncans purpose to further develop the ides of an international theme with his presence. Hesketh represents, in the beginning, the ideas and beliefs of England. Although he has these beginnings, we soon find out that he is more like a blank slate then a book of information. Upon his arrival to Elgin, Canada we see that his thoughts and beliefs are easily transformed, in part by Lorne himself. Duncan finds Heskeths character to be a sturdy one, with some holes but none the less his contributions to Canadian politics seems to be important, albeit a small one. Alfred Hesketh is a young man, only one year older then Lorne Murchison. Lorne had never met anyone quite like him. Hesketh was in a unique condition. He comes from a wealthy family, though he has no money of his own. He is smart, with a good public ad university education behind him. Although he wasnt as bright as some of his classmates he knew that there was more out there in the world for him then simply loafing around. (133) It seemed as though Mr. Hesketh was searching for something. He had not enough money for politic and not enough interest for pubic service. (133) With such freshness and curiosity about him, he had the temperament and situation to be easily moulded. He had an open mind though, to politics both of the new country and of England and he listened intently to what Lorne had to say on the subject of imperialism. Eventually he confessed to Lorne that he had brought him round to the Imperialist view. (136) Unfortunately for Lorne, he seemed to have over estimated Heskeths similarity in his own views. Lorne naturally assumed that because Alfred was entertaining ...

Oral History Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oral History Project - Essay Example So Tucker grabbed this big tall girl with a dark complexion while the shorter blonde-haired girl grabbed Chic by the arm and they started walking. Unbelievably, what was in Chic's mind at the time was economics. "Gee, the price had gone upwe used to pay only 20 bucksmust be all those Army officers and staff who paid a higher price" As these thoughts went around Chic's head, the girl's voice hit him in the gut: "You sure you got the moneyyou got any money" As his stomach turned, he thought of a way to stay clean and get out of this situation. "Just a minute, I'll go get a cab!" Asking the girl to wait, Chic rounded the corner and just kept on walking all the way to the Red Cross office where he knew Tucker would go to get what they called "prophylactic things" they had to use to avoid getting sick with VD. Sure enough, a few minutes after Chic sat at the Red Cross lounge, Tucker came running upstairs. Chic really razzed him, "I pulled one on you, Tucker. I stayed clean!" Their stay in England was not all rest as they continued training and practicing their jumps. Twice, they were about to fly out but, twice, their mission was cancelled. The reason, Chic found out, was General Patton whose tanks were overrunning German positions so fast that there was no need for the paratroopers to be dropped behind enemy lines. Chic and the troops were not complaining because they enjoyed eating oranges and turkey and good food, "being fattened for the kill" so they said. And then Patton hit a dead end as the Germans found a way to stop his tanks close to the border of Belgium and Holland. Paratroopers were needed to drop behind the enemy lines and open a 75-mile highway for Patton's tanks to pass through (The War). Chic still remembers the day they flew out of England. It was a bright and cloudy Sunday, September 17, 1994, when their plane took off as part of what they called the First Allied Airborne Army. Their mission was to land inside enemy territory, attacking the Germans from behind. Aside from the 506th, the 502nd where George was, and the 501st, there were also brigades of British and Polish paratroopers. There were three different landing points, so to decide who gets which, the commanders just flipped coins after a long argument. Chic and the 506th got Eindhoven in Holland, which was closest to the Germans and which they thought was the worst place to be while the British got the farthest point up north in the upper part of Holland (Ambrose). There was a German police dog with Chic and the troops in the plane. The dog was their mascot and had its own parachute, and all throughout the flight, the dog kept on going towards the plane's door until it heard the flack from German anti-aircraft guns exploding around the plane. The dog backed up because the sound of exploding flack is like a dog's bark, "Woof!" Just before he jumped, Chic looked out of the plane and could clearly see everything below: the huge bomb craters along the forest floor, rows of P-38 Lighting fighter planes flying all over to give them air cover during the jump, and even some Germans coming out of the church with their girlfriends. When the Germans saw the planes, they started firing their rifles. That was the time Chic was told to jump, so he threw the dog whose chute popped open automatically ahead of him. Chic wanted to take a picture of the dog landing on the

Herbert Henry Asquith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Herbert Henry Asquith - Essay Example As Prime Minister Asquith worked closely with his successor as Chancellor of the Exchequer, David Lloyd George to push through the Liberal social reform policies. The People’s Budget of 1909 had shown the government’s reforming credentials yet forced two general elections during 1910 (James, 2003 p. 88). Asquith had not had an easy time as Prime Minister yet had previously maintained the loyalty of the Liberal Party through the various problems faced before his replacement by Lloyd George. The Liberal government had been through enough traumas before the First World War. Disruption was caused through the issues of reducing the power of the House of Lords, dealing with industrial unrest, and votes for women, although the war itself put those issues and the more controversial moves towards Irish home rule on hold for the duration (Schama, 2002 p. 433). Although David Lloyd George was known to be ambitious, he had not from the outset of the First World War planned to oust Asquith and become Prime Minister himself. At the start of the conflict, Asquith and Lloyd George had been united as to Britain’s war aims and that Asquith was the best available Prime Minister. Neither man, for instance, had thought about making peace with Germany, instead of waiting for the outcome of the Somme offensive in 1916 (Stevenson, 2004 p. 148). In the source Stevenson argues that Lloyd George wished to become Prime Minister to help the nation win the war, to add a sense of urgency in the solving of political, military, and economic obstacles that were preventing British victory. Lloyd George’s ambitions are played down whilst the stubbornness of Asquith in refusing to step down is stressed. Asquith was assumed to be selfishly holding on to power to the detriment of the Liberal party’s future and British national interests (Taylor, p . 128).

Gender in Translation Essay Example for Free

Gender in Translation Essay Abstract Metaphors are taken to be the most fundamental form of figurative language, carrying the assumption that terms literally connected with one object can be transferred to another object. A writer/speaker uses metaphor more often than not with the intentions of introducing a new object/concept, offering a more precise meaning, or simply presenting a more poetic effect to his text/speech. The main focus of this study is image metaphors of color in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi. The study set out to determine how this particular figure of speech is rendered by reviewing two English translations of the work. The framework of the study was Newmarks (1988a) seven suggested procedures for translating metaphors. In addition to determining which of these procedures have been applied in the two translations, the study also aimed at discovering whether any new procedures might have been applied. The study also attempted to find out whether any exclusive patterns were observed in each translators rendering of the discussed items. The study concluded that out of the seven procedures proposed by Newmark for translating metaphors, Warner Warner applied five procedures and Davis applied all seven of the procedures in the translation of image metaphors of color. No new procedure was observed in their translations. The translators choices of procedures for translating these specific items showed that Warner Warner had a tendency towards the first procedure which resulted in a literal translation of the particular metaphor, whereas Davis had a tendency towards the other six  procedures which all led to explicitation, simplification and the production of a reader-oriented text. Key terms: the Shahnameh, figurative language, metaphor, image metaphor of color, translation procedure 1. Introduction Translation, as Catford (1965) defines it, is an act of transference, in which a text from the source language is replaced by its equivalent in the target language (p. 20). Newmarks (1988b, p. 5) more modern version of the term is often, though not by any means always, rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Even the mere thought of inferring from these two definitions that the task of a translator and the whole translation process is a simple one seems a naivete on the part of the inexperienced. Any given source text intended for translation, regardless of its text-type, is required to undergo a close reading in order to understand what it is about, and then an analysis from the point of view of the translator. The analysis stage consists of determining the intention of the text which, according to Newmark (1988a), represents the SL writers attitude to the subject matter – and also the style in which it is written. Being attentive to the selected lexicon, the syntax, figures of speech, neologisms, punctuations, names, and many more is a vital role the translator plays in the process of translation. In the case of poetry, apart from all the above features there is a surplus of sound effects such as rhyme, meter, assonance, alliteration, stress, onomatopoeia. The most common goal among translators is, and always should be, to create the same effect on the target reader as the original writer had intended for his readers. In Nidas own words, the relationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message (Nida, 1964a, p. 159). Understanding and analyzing figurative language in a text, as mentioned above, is one of the difficult processes in translation. One of these figures of speech is metaphor which is considered by linguists as the most basic where one object is used to describe another object and both objects are essentially disparate entities, but common in one or more attributes. In the following section, the theoretical preliminaries of the study will be presented, which includes an overview of metaphor, concerning its definition, classifications, identification, and also translation procedures introduced by Newmark (1988a) on the translation of metaphors in general. The image metaphor of color in particular will also be discussed along with several exemplifications. Thereafter, a selection of the collected data will be presented, analyzed and discussed. The last section will include the conclusion of the study. 2. Theoretical Preliminaries 2. 1. Definition of Metaphor Metaphor, as stated in the Merriam Webster online dictionary, is etymologically from Greek, from metapherein, meaning to transfer and from meta- + pherein, meaning to bear. It is defined by the same source as a figure of speech, in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. One of Shakespeares most famous and oft-quoted lines, All the worlds a stage, is an example of a metaphor, where he indicates that the world and stage are analogous. According to Richards (1936), a metaphor consists of two parts, tenor andvehicle, also introduced as object and image by Newmark (1988a), respectively. The tenor is the term to which attributes are ascribed and the vehicle is the term from which attributes are borrowed. The properties of the vehicle which apply to the tenor in a given metaphor are namedgrounds of a metaphor, also known as the sense of a metaphor. Therefore, in the example given above, world is the tenor or object, and stage is the vehicle or image. The ground of this metaphor is more apparent when the next two lines are added: All the worlds a stage And all the men and women are merely players, They have their exits and their entrances This metaphor is extended through adding another pair of tenor and vehicle, i. e. men and women is the second tenor and players is the second vehicle. Therefore, as the actors on stage have an entrance and also an exit, the inhabitants of the world do as well, their entrance to this world being birth and their exit being death. 2. 2. Classifications of Metaphors Metaphors have been categorized in different ways by different linguists. Black (1962a, p. 25) asserts that the only entrenched classification is grounded in the trite opposition between dead and live metaphors. He adds that this is no more helpful than, say, treating a corpse as a special case of a person: A so- called dead metaphor is not a metaphor at all, but merely an expression that no longer has a pregnant metaphorical use. However, he does present a classification for metaphors, but not before declaring that if the actuality of a metaphor †¦ is important enough to be marked, one might consider replacing the dead and alive contrast by a set of finer discriminations; hence, the following classification (ibid, p. 25): 1. extinct metaphors: expressions whose etymologies, genuine or fancied, suggest a metaphor beyond resuscitation (a muscle as a little mouse, musculus) 2. dormant metaphors: those expressions where the original, now usually unnoticed, metaphor can be usefully restored (obligation as involving some kind of bondage) 3.  active metaphors: those expressions, that are, and are perceived to be, actively metaphoric He continues further to discriminate between two types of active metaphor: an emphatic metaphor whose producer will allow no variation upon or substitute for the words used, and a resonant metaphor, which supports a high degree of implicative elaboration (ibid, p. 26). On this account, he calls a metaphor of marked emphasis and resonance a strong metaphor, and in contrast, a metaphor of relatively low emphasis or resonance a weak metaphor. Lakoff (1977) made a revolutionary contribution to the study of metaphors when he suggested a new theory of metaphor which basically stated that metaphors are fundamentally conceptual, not linguistic, in nature (Lakoff, in Ortony, 1993, p. 244), which resulted in the advent of the conceptual or cognitive theory of metaphor. In his proposal of the theory, he does not provide us with any specific classification for metaphors, but rather, he only refers to them in his writings as he explains and elaborates on the theory. He states that conceptual metaphors map one conceptual domain onto another (ibid, p.  229). On the other hand, the novel metaphors of a language are, except for image metaphors, extensions of this large conventional system (ibid, p. 240). Therefore, it can be implied that he believes most metaphors to be conceptual metaphors and some others to be novel metaphors under which image metaphors are subcategorized. However, more than twenty years after Blacks declaration of his standpoint on the categorization of metaphors, Newmark (1988b) was still a faithful believer in the dead/live metaphor classification, as he distinguishes six types of metaphors, beginning with dead metaphors: 1.dead metaphor: this type of metaphor frequently relates to universal terms of space and time, the main part of the body, general ecological features and the main human activities (ibid, p. 106). Dead metaphors have lost their figurative value through overuse and their images are hardly evident. Some examples of a dead metaphor include at the bottom of the hill, face of the mountains, and crown of glory. 2. cliche metaphor: this type of metaphor is known to have outlived its usefulness, and is used as a substitute for clear thought, often emotively, but without corresponding to the facts of the matter (ibid, p.107). Some examples include a jewel in the crown, to make ones mark, and backwater. 3. stock or standard metaphor: this type of metaphor is defined by Newmark (1988b, p. 108) as an established metaphor, which in an informal context is an efficient and concise method of covering a physical and/or mental situation both referentially and pragmatically. He also states that stock metaphors, in contrast to dead metaphors, are not deadened by overuse (ibid). Examples of this type also mentioned by Newmark are: to oil the wheels, hes in a giving humour, and hes on the eve of getting married. 4. adapted metaphor: this type of metaphor is actually a stock metaphor that has been adapted into a new context by its speaker or writer, for example, the stock metaphor carrying coals to Newcastle can be turned into an adapted metaphor by saying almost carrying coals to Newcastle. 5. recent metaphor: this type of metaphor is produced through coining and is spread in the SL rapidly. Examples of this kind are spastic, meaning stupid, and skint, meaning without money. 6.original metaphor: this type of metaphor is created or quoted by the SL writer, and in the broadest sense, contains the core of an important writers message, his personality, his comment on life (ibid, p. 112). 2. 3. Identifying Metaphors The recognition of a metaphor in a certain text or speech may be rather easy for native speakers, but when it comes to a non-native, the challenge begins. The supposition that an expression is a metaphor when it yields a false or absurd meaning when interpreted literally is not reliable because not all metaphors have false literal interpretations (Way, 1991, p.14). This unreliability is proven by Way when she exemplifies through the following lyrics of a song: A rock feels no pain, and an island never cries. This statement is a metaphor, but it is also literally true; rocks do not feel pain, and islands are not the kind of things that can cry (ibid). But how do we identify it as a metaphor, even when the literal meaning seems true? Way (1991, p. 14) explains: Perhaps because, while not actually false, talking about rocks feeling pain and islands crying is certainly a peculiar combination; maybe we can identify metaphors by their odd juxtaposition of ideas. A more classical way of identifying metaphors, which again is not reliable, is the form x is a y. Although many metaphors do take this form, many more do not. As Way exemplifies through Shakespeares Let slip the dogs of war, she states that although this is clearly a metaphor, but it does not fit the form of x is a y, for we are not comparing dogs to war, but rather to armies, something which is never explicitly mentioned in the phrase (ibid, p. 15). She goes on to explain that even the syntactic structure of a metaphor can not be proof of its essence, as it has no consistent syntactic form. She provides an example by Saskice, where it is shown how one metaphor can be rephrased as a statement, a question or an exclamation (ibid): The moonlight sleeps sweetly upon the bank. Does the moonlight sleep sweetly upon the bank? How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon the bank! She also mentions that a metaphors focus can be of any part of speech. In the following examples by Saskice provided by Way (1991, p. 15), it is stated that the focus is first a verb, then a noun, and finally a participle: The smoke danced from the chimney. The trees bowed in the dance of the seasons. Dancing waters surrounded the canoe. According to all the above, there is no reliable method for identifying a metaphor. The more we strive to analyze a metaphor, the more we understand that its creation and comprehension are challenging tasks, specifically for the non-native speaker. 2. 4. Translating Metaphors Newmark (1988b) proposes the following seven strategies for translating metaphors; the examples included for each strategy are provided by Tajalli (2005, p. 107): 1. Reproducing the same image in the TL. Play with someones feelings 2. Replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image which does not clash with the TL culture I got it off my chest 3. Translation of metaphor by simile, retaining the image The coast was only a long green line 4. Translation of metaphor (or simile) by simile plus sense, or occasionally metaphor plus sense He is an owl 5. Conversion of metaphor to sense To keep the pot boiling 6. Deletion. If the metaphor is redundant or serves no practical purpose, there is a case for its deletion, together with its sense component 7. Translation of metaphor by the same metaphor combined with sense. The addition of a gloss or an explanation by the translator is to ensure that the metaphor will be understood The tongue is fire . 2. 5. Image Metaphors of Color As mentioned earlier, image metaphor is a subcategory of Lakoffs novel metaphor. He distinguishes between conceptual metaphor and image metaphor due to their distinct mapping processes. The conceptual metaphor maps one conceptual domain onto another, often with many concepts in the source domain mapped onto many corresponding concepts in the target domain, whereas the image metaphor maps only one image onto one other image; thus, Lakoff (1977) calls them one-shot metaphors. The following poem, interpreted by Louis Watchman (as cited in Ortony, 1993, p. 231), contains several image mappings: My horse with a hoof like a striped agate, with his fetlock like a fine eagle plume: my horse whose legs are like quick lightning whose body is an eagle-plumed arrow: my horse whose tail is like a trailing black cloud. He continues by explaining that Metaphoric image mappings work in the same way as all other metaphoric mappings: by mapping the structure of one domain onto the structure of another. But here, the domains are conventional mental images (ibid, p. 229). Therefore, image metaphors map one attribute of the source domain onto the target domain. Image mapping may involve physical part-whole relationships, as in the following example extracted from The Descriptions of King Lent, translated by J.M. Cohen (ibid, p. 230): His toes were like the keyboard of a spinet. Lakoff explains that The words do not tell us that an individual toe corresponds to an individual key on the keyboard. The words are prompts for us to perform a conceptual mapping between conventional mental images (ibid). Image mapping may also involve a dynamic image, as in the following lines by Shakespeare (as cited in Hawkes, 1972, p. 46), where the movement of the curtains is mapped onto the movement of the eye: The fringed curtains of thine eye advance,  And say what thou sees yond. Other attributes, such as colors, may also be mapped, which are the main focus of the present study. The following lines by Shakespeare (ibid, p. 47) map the whiteness of the lily and also ivory onto the girl: Full gently now she takes him by the hand, A lily prisond in a gaol of snow, Or ivory in an alabaster band: So white a friend engirts so white a foe. There are many examples of image metaphors of color in the Shahnameh, where the attribute of color has been mapped onto the target domain. The following translation of a couplet in the Shahnameh, produced by Warner Warner, contains four image metaphors (of which two are similes), but only in two of them is the attribute of color intended to be mapped; the whiteness of camphor is mapped onto the characters hair, and the redness of a rose onto his cheeks: His stature cypress-like, his face a sun, His hair like camphor and his rose-red cheeks (Warner and Warner, 1925, vol. 1, p. 191) Also in the following example from the Shahnameh, Davis has compared blood to the redness of wine in this metaphor, even including the sense. But here, the metaphor has been applied simply as a device for making the text more poetic, as Way (1991, p. 33) discussed about the substitution theory of metaphor. He saw Sohrab in the midst of the Persian ranks, the ground beneath his feet awash with wine-red blood. (Davis, p. 205) 2. 6. Formal and Dynamic Equivalence Nida (1964) divides equivalence in two different types in his article entitled Principles of Correspondence, i. e. formal and dynamic equivalence. He depicts formal equivalence as a focus on the message, in both its formal aspects and its content. Thus, in a translation from poetry to poetry, sentence to sentence, and concept to concept (Nida, in Venuti 2000, p. 129), the concern is formal equivalence. In this type of equivalence, the message produced in the TT should match the different elements of the ST as closely as possible. Nida further explains that a gloss translationtypifies formal equivalence. In this type of translation, he states, the translator attempts to reproduce as literally and meaningfully as possible the form and content of the original (ibid). In order to be comprehensible, such a translation would require numerous footnotes (ibid). This structural equivalence seems to be rather identical to Larsonsmodified literal translation, where the translation is basically literal, but with modifications to the order and grammar of the ST, so as to produce acceptable sentence structure in the receptor language (Larson, 1984, p. 16). To a great extent, it also resembles Newmarks semantic translation, which he states, attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meaning of the original (Newmark, 1988a, p.39). Dynamic equivalence, on the other hand, maintains that the relationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message (Nida, in Venuti 2000, p. 129). In a translation of dynamic equivalence, the target readership is not necessarily required to understand the SL culture in order to understand the message. Most importantly, this type of equivalence aims at complete naturalness of expression (ibid) , and is also based on the principle of equivalent effect, which maintains that the translator should produce the same effect on his own readers as the SL author produced on the original readers. Similar to Nidas dynamic equivalence is the traditional idiomatic translationdiscussed in Larson (1984). The translators goal should be to reproduce in the receptor language a text which communicates the same message as the SL, but using the natural grammatical and lexical choices of the receptor language (ibid, p. 17). Also rather similar to this type of equivalence is Newmarks communicative translation, which he claims, attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original (Newmark, 1988a, p. 39). According to the above-mentioned, after comparing Warner Warners (1925) and Davis (2007) English translations of the Shahnameh with the original, it was concluded that the first translation is a semantic translation, while the second one is a communicative translation. Warner Warner have translated poetry into poetry and also strived at preserving the archaic tone of the original. Furthermore, they have indicated in their Introduction to the translation that many explanatory notes have been added; hence leading to a semantic translation. Davis, on the other hand, has converted poetry into prose, with occasional lines of verse in some episodes. He also explains in his Introduction to the translation that he has intended this translation for the general reader and not for scholars; thus his version is a communicative translation. 3. Empirical Data 3. 1. Data Collection and Analysis Thirty-three examples of image metaphors of color identified in theShahnameh were located in two English translations, i. e. Warner Warner (1925) and Davis (2007). It is worth noting that over forty-five metaphorical expressions of color were identified in the entire Shahnameh, but as Davis translation is not a complete translation, rather an abridged version, only thirty-three were applicable to this study. The first step in this procedure was to identify all terms/objects in theShahnameh that presented color imagery. This information was found in a list provided by Rastegar Fasaei (1990). Seventy-nine items were listed, but only thirty-three were applicable in this study, because the list was obviously not intended for metaphors of color, but rather a list indicatingterms that denote a color. Many of these terms were basic color terms, e. g. , which could not produce any potential metaphorical expression implying a color. They were mostly used in adjectival phrases describing a particular object or event. Therefore, all color terms were ruled out, as well as other terms which indicated some kind of brightness or shiny effect, e. g. the expression , in which the metaphor implies that the sword is very shiny. Unfortunately, approximately eighteen of the items in this list were of this kind, representing brightness of an object, colors of the air, and colors of the earth, of which the latter two seemed ambiguous and impracticable for this study. As mentioned earlier, the translation by Davis is not a complete translation of the wholeShahnameh, as many episodes have been omitted. Therefore, several of the items in the list have occurred only in the sections not translated by Davis; hence, deleting them from the list was inevitable. Many of the terms in the list, unfortunately again, were observed only in the form of similes, and not metaphors; therefore, they could not be applied either. After settling on these thirty-three items, they were sought in aShahnameh software, in order to locate the couplets which contained these terms. The next step was to review each couplet to see which one had an image metaphor of color created with that specific term. For some terms, the frequency of occurrence was very high, e. g. approximately 400 couplets, which caused some difficulties in terms of being highly time-consuming. A minimum of one couplet carrying an image metaphor of color was chosen for each of the thirty-three instances via the Shahnamehsoftware. These examples were then initially located in the translation by Davis, as his is an abridged translation. Regarding this, he states in the Introduction to his book: Given the poems immense length, some passages have inevitably been omitted, and others are presented in summary form (Davis, 2007, xxxiv). After determining which of the examples were included in Davis translation, one couplet was eventually chosen for each instance, and then the corresponding expression was located in Warner Warners translation. So far, there were thirty-three Persian examples of image metaphors of color, along with their corresponding expressions in the two English translations. These were the steps taken in the data collection stage. The next step was to analyze the collected data, which included determining the translation procedures involved in each of the two translations. The framework applied was Newmarks (1988b) seven procedures introduced for translating metaphors. The goal here was not just determining which translator applied which procedure(s) and the frequency of each procedure, but also finding out whether any new procedures were applied other than Newmarks. The study also aimed atdiscovering any possible translation patterns exclusive to each translator. The following three examples were selected as representatives of the collected data in this study. (?. – ?) The night was like jet dipped in pitch, there lent No planet luster to the firmament (Warner Warner, vol. 3, p. 287) A night as black as coal bedaubed with pitch, A night of ebony, a night on which Mars, Mercury, and Saturn would not rise. (Davis, p. 306) In this ST context, the poet has depicted the scene as though the night has actually covered its face with pitch. Both translators have reproduced the same image in their TTs, thus likening the night to a black stone ( ) that has washed its exterior with pitch. (?. – ) Raised such a dust! But swift as dust they sped Till days cheeks turned to lapis-lazuli. (Warner Warner, vol. 7, p. 67) They rode quickly until the day turned purple with dusk. (Davis, p. 642) The definition provided for is a dark blue stone; its translation by Emami is lapis-lazuli, azure. Britannicas online dictionary definition forlapis-lazuli is a semiprecious stone valued for its deep blue color. Therefore, the first translator has again reproduced the same image through the same metaphor. The second translator, however, has converted the metaphor to its sense, i. e. the color it represents. ? ? (?. – ) This he said, And heaved a sigh. The colour of his cheek Turned from pomegranate-bloom to fenugreek (Warner Warner, vol. 6, p. 25) Having said this he heaved a sigh from the depths of his being, and the rosy pomegranate petal turned as pale as fenugreek. (Davis, p. 455) The mental image of this ST metaphor is mapped onto the kings face, describing the change of color in his complexion. The first translator has interestingly enough converted the metaphor to its sense, which seems rather a rare procedure for a semantic translation. The second translator, however, has reproduced the same image in TT2. 3. 2. Discussion Thirty-three cases of image metaphors of color were identified in theShahnameh and then located in two English translations, i. e. Warner Warner (1925) and Davis (2007). Afterwards, the procedures applied by each translator in rendering these thirty-three items were identified. The framework chosen was that of Newmarks (1988a). The analysis of the data showed that Warner and Warner applied five of Newmarks suggested procedures in translating the specified image metaphors of color. They also presented two cases of wrong translation. In the following table, the procedures applied by Warner Warner in translating the thirty-three image metaphors of color identified in this study and their frequency of occurrence, along with the corresponding percentages are shown. Table 4. 1. Frequency and percentage of procedures applied by Warner Warner Procedure| Frequency| Percentage| Reproducing the same image in the TL| 23| 69. 69| Replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image| 3| 9. 09| Translation of metaphor by simile, retaining the image| 1| 3. 03| Translation of metaphor by simile plus sense| 0| 0|. Conversion of metaphor to sense| 3| 9. 09| Deletion| 0| 0| Translation of metaphor by the same metaphor plus sense| 1| 3. 03| Wrong translation| 2| 6. 06| Total| 33| 100| As evident in this table, Warner Warner have neither translated any metaphors by simile plus sense, nor deleted any metaphor. The most frequently applied procedure in their translations was the reproduction of the same image in the TL. The translation of the Shahnameh produced by Warner Warner is a semantic translation, which clearly proves the reason as to why their most frequently applied procedure is the one mentioned above. A semantic translation attempts to recreate the precise flavor and tone of the original: the words are sacred, not because they are more important than the content, but because form and content are one (Newmark, 1988a, p. 47). The analysis of the data also shows that Davis has applied all seven procedures introduced by Newmark in translating these items. There was no evidence of any wrong translation. The following table presents the frequency of each procedure which was applied and also their percentages. Table 4. 2. Frequency and percentage of procedures applied by Davis Procedure| Frequency| Percentage|. Reproducing the same image in the TL| 12| 36. 36| Replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image| 3| 9. 09| Translation of metaphor by simile, retaining the image| 3| 9. 09| Translation of metaphor by simile plus sense| 2| 6. 06| Conversion of metaphor to sense| 6| 18. 18| Deletion| 2| 6. 06| Translation of metaphor by the same metaphor plus sense| 5| 15. 15| Total| 33| 100| As indicated in the table, the most frequently used procedure by Davis is also the reproduction of the same image in the TL. He has opted for deletion of the image metaphor of color in two cases. In one of the two cases, his deletion seems to serve the purpose of a more easy-going, reader-friendly text (where the metaphoric elements seem complex or far-fetched to the target audience), whereas in the other case, his deletion seems somehow arbitrary or unjustifiable. The following table compares the two translations in terms of the percentage of procedures applied. P1 through P7 are the seven translation procedures involved in this study, also indicated in the previous table, and WT stands for wrong translation. Table 4. 3. Percentage of the procedures applied by both translators | P1| P2| P3| P4| P5| P6| P7| WT| Total %| W. W. | 69. 69| 9. 09| 3. 03| 0| 9. 09| 0| 3. 03| 6. 06| 100| Davis| 36. 36| 9. 09| 9. 09| 6. 06| 18. 18| 6. 06| 15. 15| 0| 100| 4. Conclusion Thirty-three cases of image metaphors of color were extracted from theShahnameh and relocated in two English translations, i. e. Warner Warner (1925) and Davis (2007). The main objective of the study was to determine which translation procedures introduced by Newmark (1988a) for translating metaphors in general were applied by the two above mentioned translators. According to the collected and analyzed data, Warner Warner applied five of Newmarks suggested procedures. The two procedures they did not apply at all were deletion and translation of metaphor by simile plus sense. The figures indicated that approximately 70% of the thirty-three cases had undergone Newmarks first procedure, i. e. reproducing the same image in the TL, which was also considered the most frequently used procedure by Warner Warner. This is a verification that their translation is indeed a semantic translation, as the objective in this type of translation is to recreate the ST, both its form and its content. This occurs to a great extent through literal/word-for-word translation, which is rather similar to the above- mentioned procedure. Davis, on the other hand, applied all seven of Newmarks procedures in his translation of image metaphors of color. The most frequently used procedure was again, a reproduction of the same image in the TL (36%). The second aim was to determine whether any new procedures for translating image metaphors of color other than those proposed by Newmark for translating metaphors resulted from this study.